GST on invoices · New Zealand

How to calculate GST in New Zealand (the 3/23 rule)

By Alex Lunnon · Updated 26 September 2026 · Checked against Inland Revenue guidance, September 2026

Other countries: Australia

The sums

You have You want Do this Example
A price before GST The price with GST × 1.15 $200 × 1.15 = $230
A price before GST Just the GST × 0.15 $200 × 0.15 = $30
A total with GST The GST inside it × 3 ÷ 23 $230 × 3 ÷ 23 = $30
A total with GST The price before GST ÷ 1.15 $230 ÷ 1.15 = $200

Why not just take 15% off?

Because the 15% was added to the price before GST, not to the total. Take 15% off a $115 total and you get $17.25, not $15. On one invoice that's small; across a year of GST returns, it's money you paid Inland Revenue that you didn't owe.

Rounding

GST is rounded to the nearest cent. Work it out once on the invoice total, or on each line and add the rounded lines, and do it the same way every time. The 3/23 and "divide by 1.15, then subtract" give the same answer; 3/23 just gets you the GST in one step.

Worked example

Aroha's invoice to a café: garden design $1,200 and a printed planting plan $380, both before GST.

Amount
Garden design $1,200.00
Planting plan, printed $380.00
Subtotal $1,580.00
GST 15% $237.00
Total $1,817.00

Check it backwards: $1,817.00 × 3 ÷ 23 = $237.00 of GST.

GST in your prices

Quoting homeowners? Work out your price before GST, multiply by 1.15, and quote the total: a $95 hourly rate before GST is $109.25 including GST. Prefer a round $110? Work backwards: $110 × 3 ÷ 23 is $14.35 of GST, leaving you $95.65. Quotes and GST has the wording to use.

Common questions

Why 3/23 and not 15%?

Because the 15% was added to the price before GST, not to the total. GST is 15 parts of every 115, and 15/115 simplifies to 3/23, about 13.04% of the total.

Should I round each line or the total?

Round to the nearest cent and be consistent. Working the GST out once, on the invoice total, is the simplest and keeps the GST and the total in step.

Is GST 15% on everything?

On most goods and services. Exports are usually zero-rated, at 0%, and a few things, such as residential rent and financial services, are exempt, so there's no GST at all.

What's the GST on $1,000?

Added to $1,000, it's $150, for a total of $1,150. Inside a $1,000 total, it's $130.43, leaving $869.57 before GST.

Sources

  1. Inland Revenue — GST guide, Working with GST (IR375)
  2. Inland Revenue — Taxable supply information for GST

General information from the maker of an invoicing app, not tax or legal advice. Rules change and your situation may differ; check the sources above or ask your accountant before relying on this page.